PESTICIDE REGISTRATION PROGRAM

Department of= Plant & Environmental Protection Sciences (PEPS)

College of Tropical= Agriculture & Human Resouces (CTAHR)

University of Hawaii at Manoa

PROGRAM PERSO= NNEL

Analytical Laboratory

Dr. Qing X. Li, Residue Research Director
Karl Yanagihara, Laboratory Manager
Joan Yanagihara, Analyst
Gladys Leong, Anal= yst

Field Research

Dr. Mike Kawate, F= ield Research Director
Julia Coughlin, Entomologist
James Kam, Horticulturist

Quality Assurance Unit (UC Davis)

Jim McFarland, Wes= tern Region IR-4 Quality Assurance Coordinator
Martin Beran, West= ern Region IR-4 Quality Assurance Officer

TOPICS

REGISTRA= TION OF PESTICIDES FOR USE IN MINOR CROPS

INTERREGIONAL RESEARCH PROJECT NO. 4 (I= R-4)

PESTICIDE REGISTRATION PROG= RAM'S PROJECT UPDATES

ONGOING PROJECTS<= /o:p>

COMPLETED PROJECTS AWAIT= ING TOLERANCE ESTABLISHMENT OR REGISTRATION

REREGISTRATION PROJECTS SUPP= ORTED

REGISTRATION OF PESTICIDES FOR USE IN MINOR CROPS

Pests (e.g., insects, weeds, and diseases) can severely reduce growers' yields and increase the cost of production. Although cultur= al, physical, mechanical, and biological methods of pest control may be availab= le, they may not individually or collectively be feasible for the grower to implement. Chemicals (i.e., pesticides) are another tool growers can use to mitigate losses due to pests. However, growers cannot use just any pesticid= e; the crop on which the pesticide will be applied must be listed on the pesti= cide product's label. And for food crops, a tolerance must first be established = by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) before a chemical company can lis= t a crop grown for food on a pesticide product's label. A tolerance is the maxi= mum amount of pesticide residue than can remain in or on a crop at the time of harvest. Once the tolerance is established, the crop can be included on the pesticide's label along with the specific directions for use. Only then can growers legally use the pesticide for use on the crop. The process is very costly, complex ,and time-consuming. It is estimated that a minimum of six years is required, if all goes well, to successfully register a pesticide f= or use in a minor crop.

3D"http://pesticides.hawaii.edu/ir_4/ir404.gif"

INTERREGIONAL RESEARCH PROJECT NO. 4 (IR-4)

IR-4 is a USDA-supported program that provides limited funding and a mechanism to register pesticides for use in minor crops. Registering a pesticide use in a minor crop involves generating efficacy, phytotoxicity, and residue data, preparing a tolerance petition, paying tolerance review fees, etc., which is a costly process. Sales of pesticide product from many minor crop registrations would not recover the costs associated with obtaining the registrations. Therefore, although the need f= or a pesticide exists in minor crops, registrants (chemical companies) are reluc= tant to register the use if no return on their investment is projected. IR-4 was established in 1963 to provide some incentive for registrants to register pesticides for use in minor crops.

PROJECT UPDATES

The following tables provide updates of various pestic= ide registration projects (efficacy and residue) in Hawai'i.

	Pesticide Regist= ration Program - Ongoing Projects
CROP	PESTICIDE (trade name)
banana	dinotefuran (Venom), spirotetramat (Movento)	Efficacy trials for aphid control completed. Residue= trial for spirotetramat scheduled for 2008.
banana	spirotetramat (Movento)	Residue trials (5) ongoing, Fall 2008; will carry-ov= er into 2009.
banana	spirodiclofen (Envidor)	Residue trial (1) scheduled in 2009. For mite contro= l; cooperative IR-4 project with FL.
coffee	glufosinate (Rely)	Efficacy trial completed. IR-4 project proposed. Need go-ahead from Bayer.
coffee	oxyfluorfen (GoalTender)	For over-the-top vine control; residue trials (5) on= going, 2007-2009.
coffee	spinosad (Success)	For banana moth control; residue trials ongoing (Fal= l) 2008; also need residue data on processed coffee (roasted and freeze drie= d).
coffee	fluazifop (Fusilade)	Residue trial ongoing (Fall) 2008; need residue data= on processed coffee (roasted and freeze dried) to maintain current field rate.
coffee	spirotetramat (Movento)	Efficacy trials against green scale ongoing. Field r= esidue trials scheduled for Fall 2009.
ginger	glufosinate (Rely), carfentrazone (Aim), pyraflufen = (ET)	Efficacy trial completed. IR-4 project proposed.
guava	mancozeb	Field residue trial completed, 2007.
lychee	spirodiclofen (Envidor)	Field residue trial (1) completed, 2007. Cooperative project with FL (2); mite control.<= /o:p>
mango	pyraclostrobin (Cabrio), pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pristine), cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch)	Efficacy trials needed for anthracnose control.
papaya	glufosinate (Rely), carfentrazone (Aim), pyraflufen = (ET)	Efficacy trial completed. IR-4 project proposed.
papaya	famoxadone + cymoxanil (Tanos), zoxamide (Gavel), cyazofamid (Ranman), famoxadone (Reason), cymoxanil (Curzate).	Efficacy against Phytophthora. Heat treatment phytotoxicity test.
papaya	pyraclostrobin (Cabrio), pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pristine), cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch)	Efficacy against anthracnose and black spot. Heat treatment phytoxocity test.
papaya	chlorantraniliprole (Altacor)	Residue trial (1) completed in 2009. For lepidopteran control; cooperative IR-4 project with FL.
papaya	spirodiclofen (Envidor), spirotetramat (Movento)	Efficacy against papaya leaf edgeroller mite, 2008, = 2009.
papaya	fludioxonil (Scholar)	Efficacy trial completed; 2009. Efficacious against = stem end rot (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)
pineapple	fludioxonil (Scholar)	Field residue trials (3) ongoing in 2009; postharves= t dip for mold control.
pineapple	1,3-dichloropropene (Cordon)	Field residue trials (8) completed in 2009. Extremely extensive and expensive study.
pineapple	spirotetramat (Movento)	Efficacy against mealybugs, Fall 2008.
rambutan	NAA	Field residue trials (2) completed, 2007.
taro	glufosinate (Rely), carfentrazone (Aim), pyraflufen = (ET)	Efficacy trial completed IR-4 project proposed.
taro	linuron (Lorox)	Efficacy trial for possible additional preemergence herbicide.
ti	oxyfluorfen (Goal)	Field residue trials (2) completed. Residue analyses ongoing.
tropical fruits	fenpropathrin (Danitol)	Field residue trials (3) completed; lychee, guava, atemoya. Residue analyses completed. Cooperative project with FL.
watercress	dinotefuran (Venom)	Field residue trials (2) completed.. Residue analyses ongoing (FL lab).

	Pesticide Regist= ration Program - Completed Projects Awaiting Tolerance Establishment<= /p>
CROP	PESTICIDE (trade name)
papaya	pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pristine)	Tolerances established 03/24/08. Efficacy data provi= ded; tolerance covered by avocado. Add to label in 2009.
papaya	cyprodinil + fludioxonil (Switch)	Tolerance petition submitted to EPA (06/07). Efficac= y data provided; tolerance covered by avocado. (Switch not licensed for sale in = HI.)
peach palm (pejibaye)	oxyfluorfen (Goal)	Tolerance petition submission to EPA (09/07); risk c= up is full; therefore all potential new uses on hold.
persimmon	chlorothalonil (Bravo)	Notice of filing for tolerance in FR, 01/23/08.
persimmon	pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pristine)	Field residue trial (1) completed, 2007. Residue ana= lyses completed. BASF requiring additional efficacy and phytotoxicity data to label.
pineapple	abamectin (Agri-Mek)	Awaiting tolerance petition submission from IR-4 to = EPA; project on-hold.
pineapple	spinosad (Success)	Tolerance proposed 05/09/07; NAFTA project.
taro	metaldehyde (Deadline)	Field residue trials (3) completed, 2008. Tolerance petition being prepared at IR-4.
taro	zoxamide (Gavel)	Project completed but on-hold because mancozeb toler= ance needed.

&nb= sp;	Pesticide Regist= ration Program - Reregistration Projects Supported
CROP	PESTICIDE (trade name)
banana	diuron (Karmex)	Registration maintained.
coffee	oxyfluorfen (Goal)	Registration maintained.
coffee	fluazifop (Fusilade)	Residue trial (1) scheduled in 2008 to maintain exis= ting field use rate.
guava	malathion	Registration maintained.
macadami= a	malathion	Registration maintained.
papaya	malathion	Registration maintained.
passion = fruit	malathion	Registration maintained.
pineappl= e	malathion	Registration maintained.
watercre= ss	diazinon (DZN AG500)	Registration maintained; eventually canceled by EPA,= May 2006.
watercre= ss	malathion	Registration maintained.

= &nb= sp;	Pesticide Regist= ration Program - Successes
CROP	PESTICIDE (trade name)
banana	oxyfluorfen (Goal)	Directed, preemergence weed control.
banana	spinosad (Entrust, Success)	Thrips and caterpillar control.
banana	imidacloprid (Provado, Admire)	Banana aphid control.
basil	metalaxyl (Ridomil)	Pre-, at-, and post-plant applications.
cabbage, chinese	copper hydroxide (Kocide), mefenoxam (Ridomil), azoxystrobin (Amistar), etc.	Efficacy against white rust.
coffee	ethephon (Ethrel)	Harvest aid. Awaiting label from manufacturer (Bayer CropScience).
coffee	imidacloprid (Provado, Admire)	Green scale control.
coffee	glyphosate (Roundup)	Postemergence weed control; shortened PHI to 1 day.<= span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt'>
coffee	buprofezin (Applaud)	New label, 09/09. Green scale control.
durian, mangosteen, rambutan, etc.	glyphosate (Roundup)	Postemergence weed control.
ginger	paraquat (Gramoxone)	Postemergence weed control. Awaiting label from manufacturer (Syngenta).
green onion	cyromazine (Trigard)	Leafminer control.<= o:p>
Indian mulberry (noni)	carfentrazone (Aim)	Broadleaf weed control.
Indian mulberry (noni)	glyphosate (Roundup)	Postemergence weed control.
kava	imidacloprid (Provado, Admire)	Aphid control.=
macadamia	fosetyl-Al (Aliette)	Phytophthora control.
peach palm (pejibaye)	glyphosate (Roundup)	Postemergence weed control.
papaya	triflumizole (Procure)	New label, 06/09. Powdery mildew and black spot cont= rol.
papaya	trifloxystrobin (Flint)	New label, 02/09. Powdery mildew control.
papaya, lychee, etc.	bifenazate (Acramite)	New label, 06/08. Mite control.
papaya, mango, etc.	myclobutanil (Rally)	New label, 09/08. Powdery mildew control.
papaya	imidacloprid (Provado/Admire)	Residue study complete; no need to establish higher tolerance for shorter PHI. Bayer CropScience to pursue label.
papaya	mefenoxam + copper hydroxide (Ridomil Gold Copper)	Phytophthora control.
papaya	permethrin (Pounce, Ambush)	Leafhopper control; supported a 24(c) registration (= now canceled).
papaya	malathion (Aquamul), oil (Biocover)	Efficacy demonstration of registered insecticides ag= ainst white peach scale.
papaya	buprofezin (Applaud)	White peach scale and papaya mealybug control.
persimmon	azoxystrobin (Quadris)	Crop group registration (me, too); leaf spot control= .
persimmon	clofentezine (Apollo)	Eriophyid mite control.
persimmon	copper hydroxide (Kocide)	Efficacy and phytotoxicity trial conducted in HI supports the current registration.
persimmon	imidacloprid (Provado, Admire)	Mealybug and scale control; covered with papaya data= .
pineapple	propiconazole (Tilt)	Seed-piece and post-harvest dip.
pineapple	quizalofop (Assure)	Postemergence grass control.
pineapple	triflumizole (Procure)	New label, 06/09. Post-harvest dip
taro	azoxystrobin (Amistar)	Registered with tuber and corm crop group.
taro	dimethomorph (Acrobat)	Need to register alternating fungicide for this fung= icide to be useful.
taro	imidacloprid (Admire)	Soil application only. Root aphid control.
taro	imidacloprid (Provado)	Foliar application for aphids; luau leaf production.=
ti	glyphosate (Roundup)	Crop group registration (me, too); nonselective postemergence weed control.
various orchard crops	hydramethylnon (Amdro)	Ant control in bait stations; and, fostered registra= tion of the broadcast application in pineapple.
watercress	azoxystrobin (Amistar)	Leaf spot control (cooperative project with FL).
watercress	imidacloprid (Provado)	Foliar application only. Garden fleahopper control.<= span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt'>
watercress, dryland	malathion	Efficacy demonstration of malathion against plant ho= pper.

DO NOT USE THIS UPDATE AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR PESTICIDE USE INFORMATION. MANY OF THESE USES ARE NOT INCLUDED ON PESTICIDE PRODUCT LABELS. THEREFORE, BEFORE PURCHA= SING A PESTICIDE, READ THE ENTIRE LABEL TO DETERMINE IF IT CAN BE USED ON THE CR= OP YOU WANT TO APPLY IT TO AND, IF THE USE PATTERN SUITS YOUR NEEDS. THE LABEL= IS THE LAW.

= Questions or comments can be referred to:
Mike Kawat= e, Ph.D.
956-6008 (phone)
956-9675 (fax)
mike@hpirs.stjohn.hawaii.edu (email)

Document last updated: 28 October 2009.

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